Prodive - Index

Prodive - Avances May 2008 - Index

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4
EL SÍNDROME DE DISTENSIÓN INTESTINAL
PORCINO (SDIP): LA “ENTEROTOXEMIA” (II)
Guy-Pierre Martineau 1 , Hervé Morvan 2 , Marc Decoux 3
1 ENVT, 23 chemin des Capelles, BP 87614, 31076 Toulouse Cedex 03
2 LDA 22, 5-7 rue du Sabot, BP 54, 22440 Ploufragan
3 CENTRALYS, 9-11 Avenue Arago, BP 108, 78191 Trappes Cedex
g.martineau@envt.fr
SUMMARY
Porcine Intestinal Distensión Syndrome
(PIDS) was first described half a
century ago and since then given many
different terminologies at the origin of
diagnostcal as well as etiological confusions.
In France, the commonly-used term
is “enterotoxemia” which covers PIDS
amongst many other things PIDS is at
the origin of sudden and randomly deaths
of previously healthy fattening
pigs. The specific digestive anatomical
features of the pig, intra-abdominal
high pressure, feeding behaviour, and
the particular case of the whey as feed
make it posible to propose a general
pathophysiology of the syndrome.
As the result of a “simple” intestinal
dilation related to the colonic production
of gas by fermetation and/or
colonic flora imbalance, the compression
of the mesenteric vein initiates a
cascade of irreversible events: portal
hypertension, cellular hypoxia, gut dilatation,
blood extravasation (with
non-coagulated blood contents) and
vascular shock. The increase in the
external intestinal curve can lead in
many cases to complete or partial torsion
of the caudal intestinal mass posterior
to the duodenum.
The epidemio-clinical approach has
a major role in the diagnostic procedure
and the other causes of sudden death
have to be ruled out. Necropsy examination
allows vizualisation of intestinal
and organ topography and makes
it possible to finalize the PIDS diagnosis.
In the absence of curarive treatment
and the identification of an univocal
event at the origin of the process, disease
prevention will be only based on
feed management, taking into account
feed behaviour, regulation of the gut flora
and the intestinal transit time.
RESUMEN
Av. Tecnol. porc. 5 (5): 4 - 13
El Síndrome de Distensión Intestinal
Porcino (SDIP) fue descrito hace medio
siglo y ha sido denominado con
numerosas terminologías lo que ha
dado origen a muchas confusiones
tanto diagnósticas como etiológicas.
En Francia, el término “enterotoxemia”,
que se empleaba con profusión,
incluía este síndrome además de otros
muchos trastornos. El SDIP es el origen
de mortalidades súbitas y aleatorias
entre los cerdos en fase de engorde.
Las particularidades en la anatomía digestiva
del cerdo, la presión intra-abdominal,
el comportamiento alimentario
y el caso particular del lactosuero
permiten proponer una fisiopatología
especial para este síndrome. Una sim-
Avances V OLUMEN V / MAYO 2008